Do you know the design principle of microbiology laboratory? And how to save microbes? At this point, a small amount of information is compiled and summarized. Let’s take a look at it with Xiaobian~
First, the basic principles of microbiology laboratory construction
Microorganisms have the characteristics of being easily mutated. Therefore, in the process of preservation, the metabolism of microorganisms must be in an inactive or relatively static state, so that they can be mutated and maintain their living ability within a certain period of time.
Low temperature, dryness and air isolation are important factors in reducing the metabolic capacity of microorganisms. Therefore, although there are many methods for preservation of strains, they are all designed according to these three factors.
Second, the preservation methods can be roughly divided into the following types:
1. Subculture and preservation
There are also slant culture, puncture culture, blister culture, etc. (the latter is used for preservation of anaerobic bacteria), and then stored in a refrigerator at 4-6 ° C after cultivation.
2. Liquid paraffin cover preservation method
It is a disguised method of subculture, which can prolong the preservation time. It is covered with sterilized liquid paraffin on the slant culture and the puncture culture. On the one hand, it can prevent the death of the bacteria caused by the evaporation of the culture medium. On the other hand, Prevent oxygen from entering to attenuate metabolism.
3. Carrier preservation method
It is a method of depositing microorganisms on a suitable carrier such as soil, sand, silica gel, filter paper, and then drying, such as sand preservation method and filter paper preservation method.
4. Host preservation method
For microorganisms that are currently not grown on artificial media, such as viruses, rickettsia, spirochetes, etc., they must be infected and passaged in living animals, insects, and chicken embryos. This method is equivalent to the passage of general microorganisms. Cultivate the preservation method. Microorganisms such as viruses can also be preserved by other methods such as liquid nitrogen storage and freeze-drying preservation.
5. Frozen preservation method
It can be divided into low-temperature refrigerator (-20-30 °C, -50--80 °C), dry ice alcohol rapid freezing (about -70 ° C) and liquid nitrogen (-196 ° C) and other preservation methods.
6. Freeze-drying preservation method
The microorganisms are first rapidly frozen at an extremely low temperature (about -70 ° C), and then the water is removed by a sublimation phenomenon under reduced pressure (vacuum drying).
Some methods, such as filter paper preservation method, liquid nitrogen storage method, and freeze-drying preservation method, require the use of a protective agent to prepare a cell suspension to prevent damage to cells due to freezing or moisture sublimation. Protective solutes stabilize the configuration of cellular components by the affinity of hydrogen and ionic bonds to water and cells. The protective agent includes cow's milk, serum, sugar, glycerin, dimethyl sulfoxide and the like.
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