Biological safety cabinets (BSCs) are technical products that use air purification technology to achieve physical isolation. They are used for handling infectious experimental materials such as primary cultures, bacterial strains and diagnostic specimens. It is designed to protect the operator, the laboratory environment and experimental materials from exposure to infectious aerosols and splashes that may be generated during the above operations. Aerosols can be generated when a liquid or semi-fluid is manipulated, such as by shaking, pouring, stirring, or dropping a liquid onto a solid surface or another liquid. After streaking agar plates, inoculating cell culture flasks with a pipette, transferring a suspension of infectious agents into microplates using a multi-channel pipette, homogenizing and vortexing infectious agents, Infectious aerosols can be generated during centrifugation of sexual fluids and animal manipulations. Because aerosols smaller than 5μm in diameter and tiny droplets 5-100μm in diameter cannot be seen by the naked eye, laboratory workers are often unaware that particles of this size are being generated and may inhale or cross-contaminate other materials on the work surface . Existing practice shows that the correct use of biological safety cabinets can effectively reduce laboratory infections and cross-contamination of cultures caused by aerosol exposure. Biological safety cabinets are also effective devices for protecting the environment. At present, biosafety cabinets are widely used in medical and health care, biopharmaceuticals, environmental monitoring, and laboratories at all levels. In order to protect the safety of the operator's life, the safety of the environment and the safety of the experimental materials, in order to avoid biological hazards, technical regulations must be used to standardize the technical indicators of the biological safety cabinet.
The main parameters of biological safety cabinet testing are as follows:
A. Anti-leakage of the cabinet - check the anti-leak performance of the safety cabinet. The safety cabinet is pressurized to 500Pa, and the air pressure should not be lower than 450Pa after 30min.
B. Filtration Integrity - Detecting the filtration integrity of the cabinet body of the safety cabinet, the leakage rate of any point of the scanning detection filter shall not exceed 0.01%.
C. Safety protection and cross-contamination protection - test the protective performance of the safety cabinet against personnel, experimental materials, environment and cross-contamination. The potassium iodide test method makes the protection factor of the front operation port not less than 1x105.
D. Downdraft speed - detect the downdraft speed of the safety cabinet. The average speed of the downdraft in the safety cabinet should be between 0.25m/s and 0.5m/s.
E. Inflow air velocity--detect the inflow air velocity of the safety cabinet
The airflow velocity at the glove connection port should not be lower than 1.7 m/s.
F. Airflow mode - check the air flow mode of the safety cabinet
The airflow in the work area of the cabinet should be downward.
The main purposes of biological safety cabinet testing are as follows:
(1) Establish the technical items and indicators of measurement, detection and calibration of biological safety cabinets to objectively and comprehensively reflect the measurement performance of biological safety cabinets;
(2) According to the measurement, inspection and calibration technical items and indicators, select a traceable standard with appropriate precision and accuracy for measurement;
(3) Establish the operating principles and methods of each technical item in the metrological testing/calibration process.
The technical difficulty of detection is how to ensure the leakage prevention and filtration integrity of the biological safety cabinet, and the detection and calibration methods of technical indicators for items such as personnel, experimental materials, environmental protection and cross-contamination protection. This is also the innovative point of our work.
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